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Abbreviation List

Reagents and Solvents

Substituents and Protecting Groups

General

Abbreviation	Term
a	observed optical rotation (in degrees)
d	chemical shift
anhyd	anhydrous
AO	atomic orbital
aq	aqueous
atm	atmosphere(s)
av	average
bp	boiling point
br	broad (spectral)
calcd	calculated
cat.	catalytic; catalyst (in schemes and tables)
CD	circular dichroism
CI	chemical ionization
cm^–1	wavenumber(s)
Compd	compound (in tables)
concd	concentrated
concn	concentration
Config	configuration (in tables)
COSY	correlation spectroscopy
CV	cyclic voltammetry
d	day(s); doublet (spectral)
d	density
de	diastereomeric excess
DEPT	distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer
dr	diastereomeric ratio
ee	enantiomeric excess
EI	electron impact
eq	equation
equiv	equivalent(s)
er	enantiomeric ratio
ESI	electrospray ionization
ESR	electron spin resonance
FAB	fast atom bombardment
FD	field desorption
FID	flame ionization detector; free induction decay
FT	Fourier transform
g	gram(s)
GC	gas chromatography
h	hour(s)
HOMO	highest occupied molecular orbital
HPLC	high-performance liquid chromatography
HRMS	high-resolution mass spectrometry
Hz	hertz
IR	infrared
J	coupling constant
K	kelvin(s)
L	liter(s)
lit.	literature
LUMO	lowest unoccupied molecular orbital
m	multiplet (spectral)
M	molar (moles per liter)
m/z	mass-to-charge ratio
M⁺	parent molecular ion
MALDI	matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization
max	maximum
MHz	megahertz
min	minute(s); minimum
mL	milliliter
mM	millimolar (millimoles per liter)
mmol	millimole(s)
mol	mole(s)
mol wt	molecular weight
mp	melting point
MS	mass spectrometry; molecular sieves
MW	microwave (in schemes)
N	normal (equivalents per liter)
NMR	nuclear magnetic resonance
NOE	nuclear Overhauser effect
NOESY	nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy
Nu	nucleophile
obsd	observed
OD	optical density
op	optical purity
Pa	Pascal
ppm	part(s) per million
q	quartet (spectral)
quin	quintet (spectral)
r.t.	room temperature
redox	reduction–oxidation
Ref.	reference (in tables)
R_f	retention factor (for TLC)
s	singlet (spectral); second(s)
sat.	saturated
sept	septet (spectral)
sext	sextet (spectral)
soln	solution
t	triplet (spectral)
Temp	temperature (in tables)
TLC	thin-layer chromatography
TOF	time-of-flight
Torr	Torr
t_R	retention time (chromatography)
TS	transition state
UV	ultraviolet
v/v	volume per unit volume (volume-to-volume ratio)
vis	visible
vol	volume
w/w	weight per unit weight (weight-to-weight ratio)
wt	weight

Reagents and Solvents

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Abbreviation	Compound Name
acac	acetylacetonate
acetone	acetone
AcOH	acetic acid
Ac₂O	acetic anhydride
AIBN	2,2¢-azobis(isobutyronitrile)
alumina	alumina / aluminum oxide
9-BBN-H	9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane
BF₃·OEt₂	boron trifluoride–diethyl ether complex
BINAL-H	2,2¢-dihydroxy-1,1¢-binaphthyllithium aluminum hydride
BMS	borane–methyl sulfide complex
BOMBr	benzyl bromomethyl ether
BOMCl	benzyl chloromethyl ether
BOPCl	bis(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)phosphinic chloride
BuLi or n-BuLi	n-butyllithium
s-BuLi	sec-butyllithium
t-BuLi	tert-butyllithium
BuOH or n-BuOH	n-butyl alcohol / butan-1-ol
i-BuOH	isobutyl alcohol
s-BuOH	sec-butyl alcohol / butan-2-ol
t-BuOH	tert-butyl alcohol
t-BuOK	potassium tert-butoxide
t-BuOOH	tert-butyl hydroperoxide
cAMP	adenosine cyclic 3¢,5¢-phosphate
CAN	cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate
CCl₄	carbon tetrachloride / tetrachloromethane
CH₂Cl₂	dichloromethane
CHCl₃	chloroform
CSA	10-camphorsulfonic acid
DABCO	1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
DBN	1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene
DBU	1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene
DCC	N,N¢-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
DCE	1,2-dichloroethane
DDQ	2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone
DEAD	diethyl azodicarboxylate
DET	diethyl tartrate
DIAD	diisopropyl azodicarboxylate
DIBAL-H	diisobutylaluminum hydride
DIC	diisopropylcarbodiimide
DIPEA	N,N-diisopropylethylamine
DIPT	diisopropyl tartrate
DMAP	4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine
DMDO	dimethyldioxirane
DME	1,2-dimethoxyethane
DMF	N,N-dimethylformamide
DMP	Dess–Martin periodinane
DMPU	1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone / N,N¢-dimethylpropylene urea
DMSO	dimethyl sulfoxide
DNA	deoxyribonucleic acid
DPPA	diphenylphosphoryl azide
DTBB	4,4¢-di-tert-butylbiphenyl
EDC or EDCI	N-ethyl-N¢-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide
EDTA	ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Et₂O	diethyl ether
Et₃N	triethylamine
EtOAc	ethyl acetate
EtOH	ethanol
HMDS	hexamethyldisilazane
HMPA	hexamethylphosphoramide
K₂CO₃	potassium carbonate
KHMDS	potassium hexamethyldisilazide
LAH	lithium aluminum hydride
LDA	lithium diisopropylamide
LHMDS or LiHMDS	lithium hexamethyldisilazide
LTMP	lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide
MCPBA	m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid
MeCHO	acetaldehyde
MeCN	acetonitrile
MeI	iodomethane
MEK	methyl ethyl ketone
MEMCl	2-methoxyethoxymethyl chloride
MeOH	methanol
MeOTf	methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate
MgSO₄	magnesium sulfate
MOMCl	chloromethyl methyl ether
MoOPh	oxoperoxymolybdenum(pyridine)(hexamethyl phosphoramide)
MS	molecular sieves
MsCl	methanesulfonyl chloride
MsOH	methanesulfonic acid
MTBE	methyl tert-butyl ether
MVK	methyl vinyl ketone
Na₂CO₃	sodium carbonate
Na₂SO₄	sodium sulfate
NaBH₄	sodium borohydride
NaHCO₃	sodium bicarbonate
NaHMDS	sodium hexamethyldisilazide
NBS	N-bromosuccinimide
NCS	N-chlorosuccinimide
NH₄Cl	ammonium chloride
NHS	N-hydroxysuccinimide
NIS	N-iodosuccinimide
NMM	N-methylmorpholine
NMO	N-methylmorpholine N-oxide
NMP	N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
PCC	pyridinium chlorochromate
PDC	pyridinium dichromate
PE	petroleum ether
PEG	polyethylene glycol
Ph₃P	triphenylphosphane
PhOH	phenol
PMBCl	p-methoxybenzyl chloride
PMBOH	p-methoxybenzyl alcohol
PPA	poly(phosphoric acid)
PPTS	pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate
PrOH	propanol / propan-1-ol
i-PrOH	isopropyl alcohol / propan-2-ol
PTC	phase transfer catalysis
PTSA	p-toluenesulfonic acid
py	pyridine
RAMP	(R)-1-amino-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine
Red-Al^®	sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride
SAMP	(S)-1-amino-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine
SEMCl	2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl chloride
TBAB	tetrabutylammonium bromide
TBACl	tetrabutylammonium chloride
TBAF	tetrabutylammonium fluoride
TBSOTf	tert-butyldimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate
TCNE	tetracyanoethylene
TES	triethylsilane
TESOTf	triethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate
TFA	trifluoroacetic acid
TFAA	trifluoroacetic anhydride
TfOH	trifluoromethanesulfonic acid
THF	tetrahydrofuran
THP	tetrahydropyran
TiCl₄	titanium(IV) chloride
TMEDA	N,N,N¢,N¢-tetramethylethylenediamine
TMS	tetramethylsilane
TMSCl	trimethylsilyl chloride
TMSIM	1-(trimethylsilyl)imidazole
TMSOTf	trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate
TrocCl	2,2,2-trichloroethyl chloroformate

Substituents and Protecting Groups

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Abbreviation	Substituent Name
Ac	acetyl
acac	acetylacetonato
All	allyl
Ar	aryl
9-BBN	9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonyl
BINAP	2,2¢-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)-1,1¢-binaphthyl
Bn	benzyl
Boc	tert-butoxycarbonyl
BOM	benzyloxymethyl
bpy	2,2¢-bipyridyl
Bu or n-Bu	n-butyl
i-Bu	isobutyl
s-Bu	sec-butyl
t-Bu	tert-butyl
Bz	benzoyl
Cbz	benzyloxycarbonyl
CDA	cyclohexane-1,2-diacetal
Cp	cyclopentadienyl
Cy	cyclohexyl
DMB	2,4- or 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl / 2,4- or 3,4-dimethoxyphenylmethyl
DMIPS	dimethylisopropylsilyl
DPS or TBDPS	tert-butyldiphenylsilyl
EE	1-ethoxyethyl
Et	ethyl
Fc	ferrocenyl
Fmoc	9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl
Me	methyl
MEM	(2-methoxyethoxy)methyl
Mes	mesityl / 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl
MOM	methoxymethyl
Ms	mesyl / methanesulfonyl
Naph	2-naphthyl
PBB	p-bromobenzyl
PCB	p-chlorobenzyl
Ph	phenyl
Phth	phthaloyl
Pr	propyl
i-Pr	isopropyl
PMB	p-methoxybenzyl
PMBM	p-methoxybenzyloxymethyl
PMP	p-methoxyphenyl
Pv	pivaloyl
py	2-pyridyl
R	alkyl
SEM	[2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy]methyl
TBDMS or TBS	tert-butyldimethylsilyl
TBDPS or DPS	tert-butyldiphenylsilyl
TCE	2,2,2-trichloroethyl
TES	triethylsilyl
Tf	triflyl / trifluoromethanesulfonyl
THP	tetrahydropyran-2-yl
TIPS	triisopropylsilyl
TMS	trimethylsilyl
Tol	4-methylphenyl
TPS	triphenylsilyl
Tr	trityl / triphenylmethyl
Troc	2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl
Ts	tosyl / p-toluenesulfonyl

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News

Thieme Chemistry beta website

Try out our new beta website.

Pharmaceutical Substances 3.1

was released on October 28th, 2008. This release features 51 new active pharmaceutical ingredients and updates to 16 syntheses.

Pharmaceutical Substances

The 5th edition of Pharmaceutical Substances is now available in hardcover format. Click here for more info and to order a personal copy.

ACS Awards for
Bernd Giese and
Hisashi Yamamoto

We would like to congratulate two of our SYNLETT Editors: Hisashi Yamamoto, who is being awarded the ACS Award for Creative Work in Synthetic Organic Chemistry 2009 and Bernd Giese, who is the recipient of the James Flack Norris Award in Physical Organic Chemistry 2009. Both awards will be presented in March 2009 at the 237th ACS National Meeting in Salt Lake City.

Interview with
Sir Jack Baldwin, FRS

	Recently, Sir Jack Baldwin, FRS was interviewed for SYNFORM by Laurence
Harwood and a SYNLETT Special Issue has been published on the occasion of his 70th birthday.

ACS Award for
Dieter Enders

	We would like to congratulate Dieter Enders, Editor-in-Chief of SYNTHESIS,
on being awarded the Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award. The award will presented at the 236th ACS National Meeting in Philadelphia this month.

Get SYNFORMed!

Learn more about people, trends and views in synthetic organic chemistry - with the new chemistry journals' feature SYNFORM! For more information and to read or download the first edition, please click here.